A quick reference guide to the fundamental aspects of the Czech language, designed to help beginners grasp essential grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation rules.
|
Czech uses a Latin alphabet with added diacritics (accents) to represent unique sounds.
|
|
Czech is largely phonetic; most letters have consistent pronunciations. |
|
The letter ‘ř’ is a unique sound, similar to a voiced fricative trill. |
|
|
Hi! (Informal) |
|
|
Good day! (Formal) |
|
|
Good morning! |
|
|
Good evening! |
|
|
Goodbye! |
|
|
Please / You’re welcome |
|
|
Thank you. |
|
|
Excuse me. |
|
|
How are you? |
|
|
I’m fine. |
|
|
Yes. |
|
|
No. |
|
Czech nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. This affects adjective and verb agreement.
|
|
Nouns change their endings depending on their grammatical case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative, locative, instrumental). |
|
|
I |
|
|
You (Informal) |
|
|
He |
|
|
She |
|
|
It |
|
|
We |
|
|
You (Plural/Formal) |
|
|
They (Masculine/Feminine or Neuter) |
|
|
I am |
|
|
You are (Informal) |
|
|
He/She/It is |
|
|
We are |
|
|
You are (Plural/Formal) |
|
|
They are |
|
|
man |
|
|
woman |
|
|
child |
|
|
water |
|
|
house |
|
|
car |
|
|
book |
|
|
city |
|
|
good |
|
|
bad |
|
|
big |
|
|
small |
|
|
new |
|
|
old |
|
|
pretty |
|
|
to be |
|
|
to have |
|
|
to do/make |
|
|
to speak |
|
|
to know |
|
|
to want |
|
|
to eat |
|
|
Where is…? |
|
|
What is that? |
|
|
How much does it cost? |
|
|
Do you speak English? |
|
|
How do you say … in Czech? |
|
|
Monday |
|
|
Tuesday |
|
|
Wednesday |
|
|
Thursday |
|
|
Friday |
|
|
Saturday |
|
|
Sunday |
|
|
One |
|
|
Two |
|
|
Three |
|
|
Four |
|
|
Five |
|
|
Six |
|
|
Seven |
|
|
Eight |
|
|
Nine |
|
|
Ten |