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Symfony Cheat Sheet

A quick reference guide for Symfony, covering essential concepts, commands, and configurations.

Basic Commands

Console Commands

php bin/console list

Lists all available console commands.

php bin/console help <command>

Displays help for a specific command.

php bin/console new:controller

Generates a new controller.

php bin/console make:entity

Creates a new entity.

php bin/console doctrine:migrations:migrate

Executes pending database migrations.

php bin/console cache:clear

Clears the application cache.

php bin/console server:run

Starts the built-in PHP web server.

php bin/console debug:router

Lists all defined routes.

Environment Variables

Environment variables are defined in .env file. Use $_ENV['VARIABLE_NAME'] or getenv('VARIABLE_NAME') to access them.

Example:

APP_ENV=dev
APP_SECRET=s3cretf0rt3st

In your code:

$appEnv = $_ENV['APP_ENV'];

Routing

Route Annotations

Example of using annotations for routing in a controller:

use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MyController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/my-route", name="my_route_name")
     */
    public function myAction()
    {
        // ...
    }
}

Route Parameters

Required Parameter

@Route("/blog/{id}", name="blog_show")

Optional Parameter

@Route("/blog/{id?}", name="blog_show")

Parameter with Requirements

@Route("/blog/{id}", name="blog_show", requirements={"id"="\d+"})

Generating URLs

Generating URLs in your code:

$url = $this->generateUrl(
    'route_name',
    ['id' => 123]
);

Controllers and Views

Controller Basics

A simple controller example:

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MyController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function index(): Response
    {
        return $this->render('index.html.twig', [
            'controller_name' => 'MyController',
        ]);
    }
}

Rendering Templates

Rendering a template

$this->render('template.html.twig', ['name' => $name]);

Rendering a template with HTTP status

$this->render('template.html.twig', ['name' => $name], new Response(null, 201));

Passing Data to Templates

Example of passing data to a Twig template:

return $this->render('profile.html.twig', [
    'name' => $user->getName(),
    'age'  => $user->getAge(),
]);

Services and Dependency Injection

Defining Services

Services are typically defined in config/services.yaml:

services:
    App\MyService:
        arguments: ['@logger']

Using Services

In a Controller:

 
public function index(MyService $myService)
{
    $myService->doSomething();
}

Autowiring

Symfony automatically injects services based on type hints.

Service Tags

Example of tagging a service:

services:
    App\MyEventListener:
        tags:
            - { name: 'kernel.event_listener', event: 'kernel.request', method: 'onKernelRequest' }
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